1. Download the nvidia-settings package source.
* Enter commands in the terminal where you see a '$'.
$ cd /tmp
$ apt-get source nvidia-settings
2. Build the libNVCtrl library.
$ cd nvidia-settings*/src/libXNVCtrl
$ xmkmf
$ make clean
$ make
3. Install libNVCtrl and related headers.
$ sudo cp *.h /usr/local/include/
$ sudo cp *.a /usr/local/lib
4. Download sensors-applet package source.
$ cd /tmp
$ apt-get source sensors-applet
5. Build a new sensors-applet package.
Edit the file sensors-applet*/debian/rules to add the configure option --with-nvidia to the DEB_CONFIGURE_EXTRA_FLAGS block.
You can optionally edit the debian/changelog for sensors-applet to give it a version bump. Just change the top version line from 1.0-4 for example to 1.0-6. This will make ubuntu perfer your package over the one in the repository.
$ cd sensors-applet*
$ fakeroot dpkg-buildpackage
6. Install your new sensors-applet package.
$ sudo dpkg -i sensors-applet*.deb